Percent Error Calculator

Calculate the percent error between an experimental (measured) value and a theoretical (accepted) value — commonly used in science and lab work.

  • Free to use
  • Accurate results
  • No registration required
  • Works on all devices
Enter your experimental (measured) value and the theoretical (accepted) value to calculate the percent error between them.
The value you actually measured or calculated.
The known, expected, or accepted correct value.

Your result

2.00%

Percent error

Difference (experimental − theoretical)-0.2

AI explanation

Formula

Percent error = |Experimental − Theoretical| / |Theoretical| × 100

Worked example

Measured 9.8, accepted value 10

Worked example: Measured 9.8, accepted value 10
FieldValue
Experimental (measured) value9.8
Theoretical (accepted) value10
Percent error2
Difference (experimental − theoretical)-0.2

Assumptions

  • Percent error is conventionally reported as a non-negative magnitude, regardless of whether the measured value was higher or lower than the accepted value.
  • The theoretical value cannot be zero.

Frequently asked questions

How is percent error calculated?

Take the absolute difference between the experimental and theoretical values, divide by the absolute value of the theoretical value, then multiply by 100.

Why is percent error always shown as positive?

By convention, percent error reports the magnitude of the discrepancy, not its direction — whether you measured too high or too low, the "difference" field shows the signed value for that context.

What's considered a "good" percent error?

It depends entirely on the field and the precision of the measuring instrument — a percent error acceptable in a rough estimate might be unacceptable in precision engineering or analytical chemistry.

Related calculators

Report a calculation issue